Glossary M
Machine learning models
Algorithms that use statistical techniques to learn from data and make predictions.
Managed futures
Investment products that invest in futures contracts and are managed by professional investment managers.
Management buyout (MBO)
The acquisition of a company by its management team.
Management fees
Fees charged by investment managers for managing a portfolio of securities.
Management team evaluation
The process of assessing the effectiveness of a company’s management team.
Management team involvement
The level of involvement of a company’s management team in the day-to-day operations of the business.
Margin calls
Demands for additional funds from investors who have borrowed money to invest in securities.
Market analysis
The process of evaluating market conditions and trends to inform investment decisions.
Market Capitalization
The total value of a company’s outstanding shares of stock.
Market Capitalization-to-Revenue Multiple
A valuation metric that compares a company’s market capitalization to its revenue.
Market capitalization-weighted index
An index that weights each stock in the index by its market capitalization.
Market Close Phase
The period at the end of the trading day when the market closes for trading.
Market concentration
The degree to which a market is dominated by a small number of firms.
Market conditions
The current state of a market, including supply and demand, pricing, and competition.
Market conditions and trends
The current state of a market and the direction it is moving in.
Market data analysis
The process of analyzing market data to identify trends and patterns.
Market depth
The amount of liquidity available in a market.
Market efficiency
The degree to which market prices reflect all available information.
Market inefficiencies
Situations where market prices do not accurately reflect the true value of a security.
Marketing mix
The combination of product, price, promotion, and distribution strategies used to market a product or service.
Market-linked returns
Returns that are linked to the performance of a particular market index or benchmark.
Market liquidity
The ease with which a security can be bought or sold in the market.
Market makers
Firms or individuals who facilitate trading by providing liquidity to a market.
Market making
The process of providing liquidity to a market by buying and selling securities.
Market microstructure analysis
The study of the behavior of individual market participants and their impact on market prices.
Market Open Phase
The period at the beginning of the trading day when the market opens for trading.
Market Phases
The different periods during a trading day, such as market open, market close, and after-hours trading.
Market research
The collection and analysis of data on market conditions, trends, and consumer behavior.
Market research and analysis
The process of gathering and interpreting data to inform investment decisions.
Market risk
The potential for losses due to changes in market conditions or events.
Market risk exposure
The risk of loss due to changes in market conditions.
Market Risk Premium
The additional return that investors require to compensate for the risk of investing in the stock market compared to a risk-free investment.
Market segmentation
The process of dividing a market into smaller groups of consumers with similar needs or characteristics.
Market sentiment
The overall attitude or mood of investors towards a particular market or asset.
Market share
The percentage of total sales or revenue in a market that a company holds.
Market share analysis
The process of evaluating a company’s position in the market relative to its competitors.
Market trends
The direction and momentum of changes in the market over time.
Market volatility
The degree of fluctuation in the prices of securities or assets in a market.
Maturity date
The date on which a financial instrument or investment reaches its full value or is due for payment.
Merger
The combination of two or more companies into a single entity.
Merger and acquisition (M&A) activity
The level of M&A transactions occurring in the market.
Mergers & Acquisitions (M&A)
The department within an investment bank that advises clients on M&A transactions.
Mergers and acquisitions (M&A)
The process of combining two or more companies through a merger or acquisition.
Minority interest
The portion of a subsidiary’s equity that is not owned by the parent company.
Minority stake
A partial ownership interest in a company that is less than 50%.
Money market funds
A type of mutual fund that invests in short-term, low-risk securities.
Monopoly power
The ability of a company to control the market and set prices without competition.
Monte Carlo simulations
A statistical method used to model and analyze the impact of uncertainty and risk in financial models.
Mortgage-backed securities
Securities that are backed by a pool of mortgages.
Multiples Approach
A valuation method that compares a company’s financial metrics to those of similar companies in the industry.
Municipal bond market
The market for bonds issued by state and local governments.
Mutual funds
A type of investment vehicle that pools money from multiple investors to purchase securities.